The advance of precise in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo cell delivery using magnetic micro/nanorobots

Medical micro/nanorobots can be used in a variety of biomedical applications due to their utility in precisely controlling small objects such as cells and drugs. At DGIST, we have started long-term research to develop various untethered micro- and nanorobots for the precise delivery of multiple cells to achieve specific goals in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. These micro- and nanorobots will be presented with various propulsion mechanisms that mimic swimming strategies in the microscopic world with precise locomotion. Various applications of these micro- and nanorobots will be discussed, including cell delivery, selective neurite alignment, neuronal connections, cancer treatment, etc., to discuss possible directions for translational research.